Notre-Dame de Bellevaux Abbey

Bella Vallis / Notre-Dame et Saint-Paul de Bellevaux

(Limanton, Nièvre)

Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
Notre-Dame de Bellevaux

The details of the foundation of the Premonstratensian Abbey of Notre-Dame et Saint-Paul de Bellevaux are not well known. According to some sources, it was founded in 1152 on the initiative of William III, Count of Nevers (c. 1110–1161), with the participation of Saint-Gilbert de Neuffonts Abbey (Allier). Another version dates the foundation to 1188 and attributes it to Rocelin de Marmagne and his wife, who are said to have entered the monastery, indicating that it was initially a double monastery. Other interpretations have also been proposed, including the possibility that the first foundation, in 1152, failed because of insufficient endowment and that, in 1188, Rocelin refounded it as a Premonstratensian monastery.

Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
Photo by Vertpays, on Wikimedia

Few details of its history are known, owing to the modest size of the house and the loss of its archives. Its poverty is already mentioned in 1193. In the 14th century, it was affected by a fire that is said to have destroyed the monastery, library and archives. In 1563 it was looted by the Calvinists and, in 1618, only one monk was living there. At that time, the commendatory abbots, who had been present at the house since the late 16th century, had contributed to the dissipation of its assets. In the 17th century, the monastery underwent a modest recovery and some of its buildings were reconstructed. After an attempt to close it in 1768, it was definitively suppressed in 1790 in the wake of the Revolution and converted into a farm. This agricultural use helped preserve the 13th-century church, together with some ancillary buildings.

Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
Coat of arms of Notre-Dame de Bellevaux
According to Armorial général de France (18th century)
Bibliothèque nationale de France

Bibliography:
  • ARDURA, Bernard (1993). Abbayes, prieurés et monastères de l'ordre de Prémontré. Nancy: Presses U. De Nancy
  • BACKMUND, Norbert (1956). Monasticon Praemonstratense Vol. 3. Straubing
  • CANIVEZ, J. M. (1934). Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques. Vol. VII. París: Letouzey et Ané
  • COTTINEAU, Laurent-Henri (1936). Répertoire topo-bibliographique des abbayes et prieurés. Vol. 1. Mâcon: Protat
  • FISQUET, Honoré (1873). La France pontificale (Gallia christiana). Sens. París: Repos
  • MARTÈNE, Edmond; i altres (1717). Voyage littéraire de deux religieux bénédictins de la congrégation de Saint-Maur. 1ª part. París: Delaulne
  • SAINT-MAUR, Congregació de (1770). Gallia Christiana in provincias ecclesiasticas distributa. Vol. 12. París: Typographia Regia
  • SOULTRAIT, Georges de (1875). Répertoire archéologique du département de la Nièvre. París: I. Nationale

Location:
Vista aèria

Bellevaux Abbey belongs to the commune of Limanton, east of Nevers