Priory of San Salvador de Vilar de Donas
Mosteiro de Vilar de Donas / Vilare Donarum
(Palas de Rei, Lugo)
The Priory of San Salvador de Vilar de Donas belongs to the Order of Santiago and traces its origins to a family monastic house. The exact date of the monastery’s foundation is unknown, but it is known to have been an establishment owned by the Arias de Monterroso family, who founded it and dedicated it to San Salvador, although it initially occupied an old chapel dedicated to San Lorenzo.
In 1194, when Juan Arias transferred the monastery to the Order of Santiago, he mentioned his parents, Arias Pérez de Monterroso and his wife, as its founders. An unfounded tradition has led to the assumption (based on the word donas alone) that it was initially a female monastery, and some have even speculated that its members were Cistercian nuns. The first documented prior of this site was Domingo Odoario (1210). It was a modest establishment that subsisted on income from various sources connected to its possessions.
The donation document of 1194 exempted the priory from paying dues to the Order of Santiago, allowing it to enjoy all of the income it received, though this privilege was not always respected. The initial phase of development was followed by a period of crisis in the 14th century, until its recovery in the 16th century. In 1746, Vilar de Donas was incorporated into the Priory of San Marcos de León, which held it as one of its possessions until the disentailment in 1866.
During the first half of the 13th century, the church that still stands today was built, featuring a single nave, a transept, and three apses. Later, the remaining rooms were constructed around a cloister, though these structures were significantly altered over time. In the apse, an interesting collection of mural decorations can be found, which likely dates to the 15th century. Besides the sculptural decoration inside the church, the western doorway, dated to around 1230, is also noteworthy. In front of the church stands a portico, also from the 13th century.
- FREIRE CAMANIEL, José (1998). El monacato gallego en la alta edad media, vol. II. La Corunya: Fund. Pedro Barrié de la Maza
- NOVO CAZÓN, José-Luis (1986). El priorato santiaguista de Villar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500). La Corunya: Fund. Pedro Barrié de la Maza
- PÉREZ GONZÁLEZ, José María; dir. (2018). Enciclopedia del Románico en Galicia. Lugo. Aguilar de Campoo: Fundación Santa María la Real
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- VÁZQUEZ CASTRO, Julio (1991). La capilla funeraria de los Piñeiro en el priorato santiaguista de San Salvador de Vilar de Donas. Compostellanum: revista de la Archidiócesis de Santiago de Compostela, vol. 36, 3-4