Abbey of Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil

Ebrolium

(Ébreuil, Allier)

Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil

The origin of this monastery lies in an ancient Carolingian palace or residence used by Louis the Pious, king of Aquitaine between 781 and 814. Around the year 900, in the time of Charles the Simple, the complex served as a refuge for the monks of Saint-Maixent (Deux-Sèvres), who fled their monastery because of the Norman invasions.

Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil

At that time, a church was built, which in 906 housed the relics of Saint Leodegar of Autun (Léger, †678), former abbot of Saint-Maixent and bishop of Autun. In 924, when the community was able to return to its original monastery, part of the saint’s relics remained in Ébreuil, together with some monks. It is believed that the monastery of Ébreuil was founded in 926, and soon became a house of notable vitality, although its community was small. In 1031 it founded the priory of Saint-Léger de Cognac (Charente).

The first known abbot is Amblard (971). In 1115, Pope Paschal II confirmed the monastery’s possessions and placed it under the protection of the Holy See. With the arrival of commendatory abbots began a period of decline. After an unsuccessful attempt to join the Congregation of Saint-Maur, it was suppressed in 1768, before the Revolution. The site subsequently suffered major mutilations, until restoration works and the revival of worship took place.

Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil

Of the former monastery, only the abbey church remains, the result of various building phases and alterations carried out mainly between the 11th and 13th centuries, and of 19th-century restorations. The church has three naves —the southern one reconstructed—, and on the western façade an atrium with a bell tower, added around 1125. It has a transept that originally had two apsidioles, and a 13th-century chancel, restored in 1510, with five apses. The interior preserves notable remains of medieval wall painting.

Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Church floor plan
Published in Ébreuil. L’ancienne église abbatiale Saint-Léger
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Detail of Veue de l'Abbaye d'Ebreule
Louis Boudan (17th century)
Bibliothèque nationale de France
Saint-Léger d’Ébreuil
Saint Leodegar
Illustration from The Golden Legend (Jacobus de Voragine, 1348)
Bibliothèque nationale de France

Bibliography:
  • AUBERT, R. (1960). Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques. Vol. 14. París: Letouzey et Ané
  • BIDET, Charles (1973). D'Ébreuil à Châteauneuf. La vallée de la Sioule, Ébreuil et son abbaye. Clermont-Ferrand: Bussac
  • CRAPLET, Bernard (1972). Auvergne romane. La nuit des temps, 2. Zodiaque
  • KURMANN, Peter; i altres (1991). Ébreuil. L’ancienne église abbatiale Saint-Léger. Congrès archéologique de France, 146 session. Société française d'archéologie
  • MARTINEZ, Damien (2016). Les premiers monastères d’Auvergne à la lumière de la documentation textuelle et archéologique (V e -X e siècle) : état de la question. BUCEMA, 10
  • SAINT-MAUR, Congregació de (1720). Gallia Christiana in provincias ecclesiasticas distributa. Vol. 2. París: Typographia Regia
  • VIPLE, Joseph (1930). Ébreuil. l'église abbatiale de Saint-Léger. Moulins: Crépin-Leblond

Location:
Vista aèria

Ébreuil is located between Clermont and Montluçon