The site of Le Villars is first mentioned in a papal bull issued by Pope Callixtus II in 1119, concerning a confirmation of the rights of Saint-Philibert Abbey of Tournus (Saône-et-Loire), on which it depended. Little is known about the history of the priory, dedicated to Sainte-Madeleine and occupied by a community of Benedictine nuns. It has been suggested that its origins may predate this reference and that it may initially have been a simple priory dependent on Tournus.
If it was not a female house from the outset, it was later occupied by a community of nuns under the authority of a prior, initially a monk appointed by the mother abbey and later lay priors under the commendatory system. The priory was occupied by the Huguenots in 1562. The presence of monk-priors continued while Tournus retained its monastic community, but in 1621 the abbey was secularized. In fact, from 1610 the priory was no longer directly controlled by the mother abbey, and the priors were appointed externally under the commendatory system, with entitlement to its revenues.
In 1636, the community took refuge in Mâcon to escape the dangers of a new war. The nuns subsequently divided: some moved to Tournus, while others returned to Le Villars, until the last nun died in 1677. In 1693, the priory was formally suppressed and some of its buildings were demolished because of their dilapidated condition. With no community remaining, the chapter of canons of Saint-Philibert of Tournus recovered its rights until the Revolution, when the site was sold.
The priory church, built in the 11th century, survives. It was originally a single-nave building with a transept and three semicircular apses. In the 12th century the nave was lengthened and a second nave was added along its south side. In a second phase during the same century, a porch was added to the original church. The southern nave was subsequently assigned to the community of nuns. The two parts of the church were protected during the first half of the 20th century. The original church, with its porch, is now used as a parish church, while the independent southern nave has been deconsecrated. Each of the two buildings retains its portal, decorated with 12th-century elements.
Schematic plan of the church
- BERNARD, Albert (1906). Notice historique sur les religieuses bénédictines du Villars. Autun: Notre-Dame-des-Anges
- CURÉ, Henri (1905). Saint-Philibert de Tournus. París: Picard
- JUENIN, Pierre (1733). Nouvelle histoire de l'abbaïe royale et collegiale de saint Filibert, et de la ville de Tournus. Dijon: De Fay
- NICOT, Jacqueline (1993). Le prieuré du Villars et la seigneurie de St-Trivier. Société des amis des arts et des sciences de Tournus. Mâcon
- OURSEL, Raymond (1974). Bourgogne romane. La nuit des temps, 1. Zodiaque
- SAPIN, Christian (2010). Le Villars, église de la Madeleine. Congrès archéologique de France. París: Société Française d'Archéologie
















